<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиология — практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiology - Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0118</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт лучевой диагностики</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52560/2713-0118-2024-3-37-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radiology-594</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS AND BRIEF REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковая диагностика ущемленной диафрагмальной грыжи у ребенка. Клиническое наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound Diagnosis of a Strangulated Diaphragmatic Hernia in a Child. Сlinical Observation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-8001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольхова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olkhova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольхова Елена Борисовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры; заведующая отделением ультразвуковой диагностики </p><p>127206, г. Москва, ул. Вучетича, д. 9а.</p><p>+ 7 (495) 611-01-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olkhova Elena Borisovna, M. D. Med., Professor, Professor of Department of Radiology; the Head of Department of the Ultrasound Diagnostic </p><p>9а, Vucheticha st., Moscow, 127206, Russia.</p><p>+7 (495) 611-01-77</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-olchova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-7670</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаспеков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaspekov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хаспеков Дмитрий Викторович, заведующий отделением торакальной хирургии </p><p>107014, г. Москва, ул. Рубцовско-Дворцовая, д. 1/3.</p><p>+7 (499) 268-34-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khaspekov Dmitrii Viktorovich, Head of the Department of Thoracic Surgery </p><p>1/3, Rubtsovsko-Dvortsovaya st., Moscow, 107014, Russia.</p><p>+7 (499) 268-34-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khaspekov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-2457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сар</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sar</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сар Артур Саратович, врач-хирург отделения торакальной хирургии</p><p>107014, г. Москва, ул. Рубцовско-Дворцовая, д. 1/3.</p><p>+7 (499) 268-34-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sar Artur Saratovich, the Surgeon of the Department of Thoracic Surgery </p><p>1/3, Rubtsovsko-Dvortsovaya st., Moscow, 107014, Russia.</p><p>+7 (499) 268-34-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.sar.artur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-5425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосеева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedoseeva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федосеева Мария Михайловна, врач отделения ультразвуковой диагностики </p><p>107014, г. Москва, ул. Рубцовско-Дворцовая, д. 1/3.</p><p>+7 (499) 268-83-87</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedoseeva Maria Michailovna, Radiologist of Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic</p><p>1/3, Rubtsovsko-Dvortsovaya st., Moscow, 107014, Russia.</p><p>+7 (499) 268-83-87</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.m_fedoseeva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница святого Владимира Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian University of Medicine” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE “ROSUNIMED” of MOH of Russia); Clinical Municipal Children Hospital St. Vladimir of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница святого Владимира Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Municipal Children Hospital St. Vladimir of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ольхова Е.Б., Хаспеков Д.В., Сар А.С., Федосеева М.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ольхова Е.Б., Хаспеков Д.В., Сар А.С., Федосеева М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Olkhova E.B., Khaspekov D.V., Sar A.S., Fedoseeva M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radp.ru/jour/article/view/594">https://www.radp.ru/jour/article/view/594</self-uri><abstract><p>В подавляющем большинстве случаев диафрагмальная грыжа встречается у новорожденных, при этом диагностируется еще внутриутробно. Случаи отсроченной диагностики крайне редки и сопряжены со значительными диагностическими сложностями, особенно в ситуациях, когда имеют место ишемические повреждения органов, составляющих грыжевое содержимое. Клиническая картина ущемленной диафрагмальной грыжи неспецифична, особенно у детей раннего возраста, когда адекватный вербальный контакт невозможен.Цель исследования. Демонстрация возможностей и ограничений различных лучевых методов обследования ребенка с ущемленной диафрагмальной грыжей.Материалы и методы. Представлено наблюдение 8-месячного ребенка с ущемленной левосторонней ложной диафрагмальной грыжей. Ребенку проводилось УЗИ, рентгенологическое обследование (снимок в положении лежа в прямой задней проекции), КТ (нативное сканирование без задержки дыхания). Результаты лучевого обследования сопоставлены с интраоперационной картиной.Результаты. Анамнез заболевания был неясен, клиническая картина — неспецифической, превалировала дыхательная недостаточность. Рентгенологическая диагностика была затруднена из-за сочетанного заболевания: пневмонии, плеврита слева. Диагноз был поставлен при выполнении УЗИ, когда в левом гемитораксе были визуализированы фрагменты полых органов, и подтвержден при выполнении КТ. Ребенок был успешно оперирован.Заключение. Врожденная диафрагмальная грыжа в редких случаях может существовать бессимптомно на протяжении длительного периода времени и манифестировать крайне неспецифическими клиническими проявлениями. При выполнении УЗИ органов грудной клетки у детей следует помнить о возможности наличия ранее не диагностированных заболеваний и аномалий развития, принципиально влияющих на тактику ведения пациента. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diaphragmatic hernia occurs in newborns in the vast majority of cases and is diagnosed while still in utero. Cases of it delayed diagnosis are extremely rare and involve significant diagnostic difficulties, especially when there are ischemic damages to the organs that make up the hernial contents. The clinical manifestations of a strangulated diaphragmatic hernia are nonspecific, especially in young children, when adequate verbal contact is impossible.Objective. We demonstrate the possibilities and limitations of various radial methods of examination of a child with a strangulated diaphragmatic hernia.Materials and Methods. We present an observation of an 8-month-old child with a leftsided strangulated false diaphragmatic hernia. The child was subjected to ultrasound, radiologic examination (image in supine position in direct posterior projection), CT scan (native scan without breath-holding). Radiologic findings were compared with the intraoperative picture. Results. The history of the disease was unclear, the clinical picture was nonspecific, respiratory failure prevailed. Radiologic diagnosis was difficult because of the combined disease: pneumonia, left-sided pleuritis. The diagnosis was made at ultrasound when hollow organ fragments were visualized in the left hemithorax and confirmed by CT scanning. The child was successfully operated.Conclusion. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in rare cases may exist asymptomatic for a long period of time and present with extremely nonspecific clinical manifestations. It is necessary to remember the possibility of the presence of previously undiagnosed diseases and developmental anomalies when performing chest ultrasound in children, because they fundamentally affect the management of the patient.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>ущемленная диафрагмальная грыжа</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ultrasonography</kwd><kwd>Strangulated Diaphragmatic Hernia</kwd><kwd>Children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ольхова Е. Б. Ультразвуковая диагностика в неотложной неонатологии. Том II.Руководство для врачей. М. ООО "Фирма СТРОМ". 2016. 352 стр.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ol'khova E.B. Ultrasound diagnostics in emergency neonatology. Volume II. Manual for physicians. Moscow: "Firma STROM", 2016. Р. 352 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balks M. F., Gosemann J-H., Sorge I., Lacher M., Hirsch F. W. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Presenting with Tension Pneumothorax in a 3-Year-Old Boy European. J. Pediatr. Surg. Rep. 2018 Jan;6(1): e63-e65. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1667357.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balks M. F., Gosemann J-H., Sorge I., Lacher M., Hirsch F. W. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Presenting with Tension Pneumothorax in a 3-Year-Old Boy European. J. Pediatr. Surg. Rep. 2018 Jan;6(1): e63-e65. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1667357.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bandré E., Wandaogo A., Ouedraogo I., Napon M., Béré B., Kabré Y., Tapsoba T. W. L., Ouédraogo F. S. Left posterolateral strangulated congenital diaphragmatic hernia in children: About a case at the Charles de Gaulle Paediatric Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Afr. J. Paediatr. Surg. 2015 Jan-Mar;12(1):79-81. doi: 10.4103/0189-6725.150991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bandré E., Wandaogo A., Ouedraogo I., Napon M., Béré B., Kabré Y., Tapsoba T. W. L., Ouédraogo F. S. Left posterolateral strangulated congenital diaphragmatic hernia in children: About a case at the Charles de Gaulle Paediatric Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Afr. J. Paediatr. Surg. 2015 Jan-Mar;12(1):79-81. doi: 10.4103/0189-6725.150991.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan S. K. T., Tan D. J., Aman M. D. M. Case report: anaesthetic and surgical management of a diaphragmatic rupture with tension pneumothorax and iatrogenic bowel perforation in an undiagnosed Bochdalek hernia patient. BMC Anesthesiol. 2022 Jun 24;22(1):195.doi: 10.1186/s12871-022-01736-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan S. K. T., Tan D. J., Aman M. D. M. Case report: anaesthetic and surgical management of a diaphragmatic rupture with tension pneumothorax and iatrogenic bowel perforation in an undiagnosed Bochdalek hernia patient. BMC Anesthesiol. 2022 Jun 24;22(1):195.doi: 10.1186/s12871-022-01736-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corsini I., Parri N., Coviello C., Leonardi V., Dani C. Lung ultrasound findings in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2019 Apr;178(4):491-495. doi: 10.1007/s00431-019-03321-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corsini I., Parri N., Coviello C., Leonardi V., Dani C. Lung ultrasound findings in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2019 Apr;178(4):491-495. doi: 10.1007/s00431-019-03321-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghabisha S., Ahmed F., Al-Wageeh S., Al-Shami E., Al-Hajri A., Aljbri W., Mohammed F. Delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report. Pan. Afr. Med J. 2021 Dec 21:40:242. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.242.32113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghabisha S., Ahmed F., Al-Wageeh S., Al-Shami E., Al-Hajri A., Aljbri W., Mohammed F. Delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report. Pan. Afr. Med J. 2021 Dec 21:40:242. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.242.32113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomond-Le Goff C., Vivalda L., Foligno S., Loi B., Yousef N., De Luca D. Effect of Different Probes and Expertise on the Interpretation Reliability of Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound. Chest. 2020 Apr;157(4):924-931.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomond-Le Goff C., Vivalda L., Foligno S., Loi B., Yousef N., De Luca D. Effect of Different Probes and Expertise on the Interpretation Reliability of Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound. Chest. 2020 Apr;157(4):924-931.doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.11.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.11.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gregorio-Hernández R., Ramos-Navarro C., Vigil-Vázquez S.,  Rodríguez-Corrales E., Pérez-Pérez A., Arriaga-Redondo M., Sánchez-Luna M. Lung ultrasound and postoperative follow-up of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2023 Sep;182(9):3973-3981.  doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-05074-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gregorio-Hernández R., Ramos-Navarro C., Vigil-Vázquez S., Rodríguez-Corrales E., Pérez-Pérez A., Arriaga-Redondo M., Sánchez-Luna M. Lung ultrasound and postoperative follow-up of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2023 Sep;182(9):3973-3981. doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-05074-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hattori K., Takamizawa S., Miyake Y., Hatata T., Yoshizawa K., Furukawa T., Kondo Y. Preoperative sonographic evaluation of the defect size and the diaphragm rim in congenital diaphragmatic hernia - preliminary experience. Pediatr. Radiol. 2018 Oct;48(11):1550-1555. doi: 10.1007/s00247-018-4184-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hattori K., Takamizawa S., Miyake Y., Hatata T., Yoshizawa K., Furukawa T., Kondo Y.Preoperative sonographic evaluation of the defect size and the diaphragm rim in congenital diaphragmatic hernia - preliminary experience. Pediatr. Radiol. 2018 Oct;48(11):1550-1555. doi: 10.1007/s00247-018-4184-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ismail A. Q. T., Alake O., El-Shimy N. Strangulated diaphragmatic hernia presenting at 7 weeks of life as intractable shock. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Oct 3:2013:bcr2013200788.  doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200788.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ismail A. Q. T., Alake O., El-Shimy N. Strangulated diaphragmatic hernia presenting at 7 weeks of life as intractable shock. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Oct 3:2013:bcr2013200788. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200788.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Josephsen J. B., Klinkner D. B., Kumar T., Al-Hosni M. Strangulated bowel as an unusual complication of neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report and literature review. J. Pediatr. Surg. 2013 Apr;48(4):866-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.12.045.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Josephsen J. B., Klinkner D. B., Kumar T., Al-Hosni M. Strangulated bowel as an unusual complication of neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report and literature review. J. Pediatr. Surg. 2013 Apr;48(4):866-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.12.045.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maddaloni Ch., De Rose D. U., Ronci S., Bersani I., Martini L., Caoci S., Capolupo I., Conforti A., Bagolan P., Dotta A., Calzolari F. Lung Ultrasound Score in Neonates with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH-LUS): A Cross-Sectional Study Diagnostics (Basel) . 2023 Feb 27;13(5):898. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13050898</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maddaloni Ch., De Rose D. U., Ronci S., Bersani I., Martini L., Caoci S., Capolupo I., Conforti A., Bagolan P., Dotta A., Calzolari F. Lung Ultrasound Score in Neonates with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH-LUS): A Cross-Sectional Study Diagnostics (Basel) . 2023 Feb 27;13(5):898. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13050898</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mili T.,Ahmed Y. B., Chibani I., Boukesra T., Nouira F., Charieg A., Jlidi S. Volvulus gastrique aigu compliquant une hernie diaphragmatique congénitale chez un nourrisson de 3 mois: à propos d’un cas. Pan Afr. Med. J. 2022; 42: 238. DOI : 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.238.34517</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mili T.,Ahmed Y. B., Chibani I., Boukesra T., Nouira F., Charieg A., Jlidi S. Volvulus gastrique aigu compliquant une hernie diaphragmatique congénitale chez un nourrisson de 3 mois: à propos d’un cas. Pan Afr. Med. J. 2022; 42: 238. DOI : 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.238.34517</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mwamanenge N. A., Mussa F., Nyamuryekung'e M. K., Mkony M., Abdallah Y., Manji K. Late diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2023 Jun 12;17(1):240.doi: 10.1186/s13256-023-03987-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mwamanenge N. A., Mussa F., Nyamuryekung'e M. K., Mkony M., Abdallah Y., Manji K. Late diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2023 Jun 12;17(1):240.doi: 10.1186/s13256-023-03987-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Narayan O., Liew C., Ryan E., Amerena J., Appelbe A., Black A. Acute intrathoracic intestinal strangulation diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography.Heart Lung Circ. 2012 Dec;21(12):831-5. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.04.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Narayan O., Liew C., Ryan E., Amerena J., Appelbe A., Black A. Acute intrathoracic intestinal strangulation diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography.Heart Lung Circ. 2012 Dec;21(12):831-5. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.04.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niwa T., Nakamura A., Kato T., Kutsuna T., Tonegawa K., Kawai A., Itoh M. An adult case of Bochdalek hernia complicated with hemothorax. Respiration. 2003 Nov-Dec;70(6):644-6. doi: 10.1159/000075213</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niwa T., Nakamura A., Kato T., Kutsuna T., Tonegawa K., Kawai A., Itoh M. An adult case of Bochdalek hernia complicated with hemothorax. Respiration. 2003 Nov-Dec;70(6):644-6. doi: 10.1159/000075213</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spiridakis K. G.,  Flamourakis M. E., Gkionis I. G., Kaloeidi E. I., Fachouridi A. I., Konstantoulaki S. E., Tsagkataki E. S., Giakoumakis M. I., Vassilogiannakis E. A., Kostakis G. E., Christodoulakis M. S. Right-sided strangulating diaphragmatic hernia in an adult without history of trauma: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2021 Jul 13;15(1):372. doi: 10.1186/s13256-021-02861-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spiridakis K. G., Flamourakis M. E., Gkionis I. G., Kaloeidi E. I., Fachouridi A. I., Konstantoulaki S. E., Tsagkataki E. S., Giakoumakis M. I., Vassilogiannakis E. A., Kostakis G. E., Christodoulakis M. S. Right-sided strangulating diaphragmatic hernia in an adult without history of trauma: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2021 Jul 13;15(1):372. doi: 10.1186/s13256-021-02861-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zefov V. N., Almatrooshi M. A.  Chest X-ray findings in late-onset congenital diaphragmatic hernia, a rare emergency easily misdiagnosed as hydropneumothorax: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2015 Dec 22:9:291.  doi: 10.1186/s13256-015-0755-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zefov V. N., Almatrooshi M. A. Chest X-ray findings in late-onset congenital diaphragmatic hernia, a rare emergency easily misdiagnosed as hydropneumothorax: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2015 Dec 22:9:291. doi: 10.1186/s13256-015-0755-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zefov V. N., Almatrooshi M. A. Chest X-ray findings in late-onset congenital diaphragmatic hernia, a rare emergency easily misdiagnosed as hydropneumothorax: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2015 Dec 22:9:291. doi: 10.1186/s13256-015-0755-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
