radiologyРадиология — практикаRadiology - Practice2713-0118Центральный научно-исследовательский институт лучевой диагностики10.52560/2713-0118-2025-4-44-63radiology-737Research ArticleПРОДОЛЖЕННОЕ МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕCONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATIONСовременное состояние вопроса МРТ в диагностике нейротоксических осложнений полихимиотерапии у детей (обзор литературы и серия клинических случаев)Current State of MRI in Diagnostics of Neurotoxic Complications of Polychemotherapy in Children (Literature Review and Case Series)https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3182-4477ГадиеваС. Д. к.HadievaS. D. k.

Гадиева Сакина Джамалатдин кызы, аспирант кафедры лучевой диагностики; врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики

Москва

Hadiyeva Sakina Jamalatdin, Postgraduate student, Radiology department; Radiologist, Department of Diagnostic Radiology

Moscow

sakina.gadiyeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0412-4938ШолоховаН. А.SholokhovaN. A.

Шолохова Наталия Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики детского возраста; заведующая отделением лучевой диагностики

Москва

Sholokhova Nataliya Aleksandrovna, D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor, Department of Pediatric Radiology; Head, Department of Radiodiagnostics

Moscow

sholohova@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4468-7660ПолянскаяМ. В.PolyanskayaM. V.

Полянская Майя Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики имени академика Л. О. Бадаляна; врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики

Москва

Polyanskaya Mayya Vladimirovna, PhD in Medicine, Assistant, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Medical Genetics; Radiologist, Department of Diagnostic Radiology

Moscow

m.polyan@gmail.comФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения; Российская детская клиническая больница – филиал ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Medicine» of The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Russian Children's Clinical Hospital – the separate structural unit of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница святого Владимира Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»РоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Clinical Municipal Children Hospital St. Vladimir of the Department of Healthcare of MoscowRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Российская детская клиническая больница – филиал ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Russian Children's Clinical Hospital – the separate structural unit of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202524082025044463Copyright © Гадиева С.Д., Шолохова Н.А., Полянская М.В., 20252025Гадиева С.Д., Шолохова Н.А., Полянская М.В.Hadieva S.D., Sholokhova N.A., Polyanskaya M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.radp.ru/jour/article/view/737Цель исследования

Цель исследования. Провести анализ научных работ, посвященных применению магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) в визуализации нейротоксических осложнений полихимиотерапии у педиатрических онкологических пациентов и продемонстрировать возможности МРТ на примере собственных клинических наблюдений.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск литературы в базах данных PubMed, Google Academy и E-library, стратегия которого заключалась в комбинации ряда терминов, связаных с химиотерапией у детей и нейротоксическими осложнениями при их применении. После анализа полученных данных нами был произведен повторный поиск с применением визуализационных методов, конкретных нейротоксических состояний и химиотерапевтческих препаратов. Также представлены случаи нейротоксического осложнения полихимиотерапии у трех пациентов онкологического профиля.

Результаты

Результаты. На основании анализа литературы и клинических случаев описаны основные клинические особенности, характерные МР-паттерны, присущие пациентам детского возраста с химиоиндуцированной нейротоксичностью.

Заключение

Заключение. Глубокое понимание принципов МРТ и знание визуализационных особенностей нейротоксических изменений важно с целью ранней диагностики проблемы и своевременного старта лечебных мероприятий для обеспечения обратимости повреждений. Необходимо дальнейшее совершенствование возможностей основных и дополнительных импульсных последовательностей в МРТ, проведение многоцентровых клинических испытаний, разработка новых методов визуализации и внедрение стандартизированных протоколов нейровизуализации в педиатрической популяции.

Aim

Aim. Analysis of literature on the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in visualization of polychemotherapy-associated neurotoxic complications in pediatric oncology patients and demonstration of the capabilities of MRI based on our clinical cases.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods. The literature was obtained using PubMed, Google Scholar, and E-library databases. Search terms included chemotherapy in children and associated neurotoxic complications. Following the analysis of the obtained data, a secondary search was performed with additional search terms: imaging methods, specific neurotoxic conditions and chemotherapeutic agents. Cases of neurotoxic complications of polychemotherapy in three oncological patients are also presented.

Results

Results. Based on the analysis of the literature and clinical cases, the main clinical features and common MRI patterns in pediatric patients with chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity were identified.

Conclusion

Conclusion. A comprehensive approach to MRI and understanding the imaging features of neurotoxic changes are essential for early diagnosis and treatment initiation, which is crucial for ensuring the reversibility of neurotoxic damage. Further investigation of the capabilities of various pulse sequences in MRI are necessary, as well as developing of new imaging methods, implementing standardized neuroimaging protocols in the pediatric population and conducting multicenter clinical trials on these issues.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.