The article discusses the application of the tomosynthesis techniques in the study of the spine pathology. The authors examined 89 patients from 4 to 18 years with different pathologies of the cervical thoracic and lumbosacral spine that was allocated in 3 groups. All patients had done standard digital radiography in 2 projections and tomosynthesis in one projection. The study produced on X-ray machine FDR AcSelerate 200 (Fujifilm, Japan). The authors concluded that the tomosynthesis is superior to standard digital radiography by sensitivity, accuracy, specificity and predictability of a positive and a negative result. Tomosynthesis produces a plurality of bundle images without summation effect, overcoming that limitation better visualized the ratio in the segment C1–C2 small sharpening the vertebrae in the thoracic spine, spondylolysis arcs vertebrae in the lumbosacral region. Thus, tomosynthesis may be recommended as a method of choice for studying the pathology of the spine.

Structural changes of the myomatous fibroid and the myometrium in 32 patients with large uterine fibroids before the treatment and 3 and 12 months after uterine artery embolisation was evaluated based on the findings of complex shear wave ultrasound elastography. The operation was performed using the interventional system Innova 4100 IQ with spherical microspheres Embosphere from 300 to 900 μm, the clinical efficacy was established in all 32 patients. In the early postoperative period acute endometritis developed in 3 patients due to the expulsion of the submucosal fibroid, required surgery. After the surgery there was the decrease in the size of the dominant uterine fibroid and the uterus and progressive increase in the strength of the fibroid itself and its strength ratio compared to the myometrium that is associated with the structural changes in it after embolisation, first of all due to hyaline degeneration. After 12 months 6 (20,7 %) patients were found pseudocyst in the structure of the uterine fibroid developed due to necrosis of the major part of the fibroid, 2 of them underwent myomectomy based on readings of clinical laboratory and elastography data in order to prevent purulent septic complications.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are rare soft tissue sarcomas with high potential to local recurrence and distant metastases. Intratoracic localization of primary MPNST is uncommon. Peritoneal involvement for extraabdominal MPNST is unusual. In our paper we would like to present a case of diagnosis and treatment of recurrent lung malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with diaphragmal pleura, lung and peritoneum involvement one year after atypical lung resection in 38-year-old patient.

Ovarian cyst is a quite common disease in neonates as well as the cause of abdominal cystic masses in fetuses and newborns. We present the extensive literature review on the subject of ovarian cysts in newborns and the clinical case of complicated ovarian cyst in a 5 day preterm girl with enterocolitis. The pathology have been diagnosed with sonography, the sonographic differential diagnosis held between complicated ovarian cyst and delimited peritonitis typical for severe enterocolitis. After a conservative treatment for enterocolitis the girl was successfully operated.

The article presents many capabilities of cone-beam computed tomography in analyzing jaws to base of the skull ratio in planning orthodontic or orthognatic treatment. The method provides proper jaw measurements, evaluates normal and pathological morphometric features of the skull. Suggested algorithm for measuring teeth protrusion and retroversion, overcrowding of teeth, maxilla-temporal joint condition allows to optimize diagnostics of patients with maxillofacial area asymmetry.