The aim of the work was to analyze the significance of magnetic resonance volumetric measurement in assessing the response to neoadjuvant therapy for primary operable and locally advanced breast cancer (BC). The study included 77 patients aged 30 to 80 years, of which 40 (67,5 %) patients were with primary resectable and 37 (32,5 %) with locally advanced primary non-resectable ВС. When planning neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), the determining factors were the degree of malignancy (G) and proliferative activity (Ki-67) of the tumor, the level of expression of steroid receptors (estrogen — ER / progesterone — PR) and the HER2/neu protein. Completed from 4 to 6 courses of NAT. Their effectiveness was analyzed according to the data of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI); changes in the tumor volume and its axial dimensions were taken into account. When comparing the sizes of tumors determined by the results of the analysis of the resection material and MRI, it was found that MR-volumetry has a higher sensitivity (Ac = 89,6; 95 % CI: 64,1–90,9) compared to the RECIST 1.1 criteria, taking into account the linear dimensions (Ac = 78,3; 95 % CI: 53,6–93,0).

For screening and diagnostic examinations of the mammary glands, it is recommended to use both digital mammographic systems and a system for digitizing images. There are two modifications for digitalization of images, a computer radiography system for mammography and a portable flat-panel detector. The article provides a comparative analysis of the diagnostic capabilities of a computer radiography system and a portable flat-panel detector.

The article is devoted to the determination of the examination algorithm and management tactics for patients with various types of breast fibroadenomas based on a review of foreign literature and our own clinical experience.

The improvement of methods of radiation diagnostics has led to an increase in the frequency of detection of breast cancer in the early stages. According to our study (a retrospective analysis of data from 195 MRM with DKU), the results of studies of women with a histologically verified diagnosis of intra-ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). For formations of more than 5 mm in 60 %, we obtained reliable criteria for the malignant process (contrast capture of more than 100 % for type II-III, the presence of feeding arteries). Various contrast zones without / or with the presence of less than 5 mm formation in 10–20 % of in situ carcinomas had a pattern of accumulation similar to benign proliferative changes, a statistically significant criterion was the strengthening of the vasculature on MIP reconstruction around the contrast zone, which in 31 % of cases coincided with the areas of accumulation of atypical microcalcinates detected in mammography (BI-RADS 4). MR mammography with dynamic contrast enhancement, having a high sensitivity in detecting vascularized areas, allows us to assess their nature with a high degree of probability against the background of any types of breast tissue structure.

The results of the development of a mammographic unit with a digital flat-panel detector designed for for installation in a mobile medical X-ray room are presented.
The mammographic unit with a digital flat-panel detector is designed for screening and other specialized mammographic examinations, provides the ability to perform full-format raster (using a screening raster) mammography, X-ray of the armpits.

A review of the foreign literature of the latter is presented, devoted to determining the place of the method of infrared thermography in the diagnosis of pathological conditions of the breast. Having analyzed the results of using this method in the diagnosis of various changes in the breast, it can be argued that at the moment infrared thermography cannot be used as the only and independent diagnostic method for examining the breast, but its use will help to be useful in solving a number of diagnostic tasks.

The paper presents data on the nodular formations during pregnancy and diagnosis principles of the mammary glands nodular formations during pregnancy. The data of 53 women survey with mammary glands benign tumors that appeared at different pregnancy stages after the assisted reproductive technology protocols use are presented. The tactics of these patients management are proposed. Unresolved issues that require further discussion are identified.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most effective method of diagnosing breast pathology due to its high resolution in the study of soft tissues and high sensitivity based on the contrast effect. There is still no consensus on the choice of the optimal method of examination of patients after mastectomy and breast reconstruction. Changes in breast tissue that are associated with surgery and radiation therapy cause difficulties in interpreting mammographic and ultrasound images. MRI using a high-field tomograph (> 1 T), a specialized coil and a paramagnetic contrast agent is highly informative in the detection and differential diagnosis of recurrent formations against the background of infiltrative and scarring changes.

The volume of surgical treatment of breast cancer depends largely on the size of the primary hearth. Malignant neoplasms diagnosed at the initial stage of the disease make it possible to carry out organpreserving operational interventions, which is particularly important in the treatment of elderly patients with concomitant somatic diseases. Clinical observation is presented, which demonstrates the importance of the timely identified and consequences of the late diagnosis of breast cancer in the patient of the elderly, in the form of a crumpled radical operation that affects the quality of life of the patient.

The clinical example shows the difficulties of differential diagnosis at the outpatient policlinic stage of the granular cell tumor (Abrikosov’s tumor) and malignant neoplasm of the breast, which have similar semiotic signs. The final diagnosis of «granular cell tumor» is established only on the basis of pathomorphological and immunohistochemical studies obtained during core-biopsy of biological material.