The features of multiparametric ultrasound imaging different types of thyroid calcifications and its significance in cancer risk stratification were studied on the material of 932 patients referred for thyroid biopsy. It has been established that calcification in the thyroid gland is represented by macrocalcifications, microcalcifications, calcified capsules and fully calcified nodules with characteristic ultrasonic features. MicroPure technology was determined to improve visualization of microcalcifications, differentiate them from other hyperechogenic point structures, but was ineffective for other types of calcifications. The frequency of microcalcification in thyroid nodules is significantly associated with the risk of their malignancy, but can be detected in benign nodules and in intact parenchyma; for other types of calcifications, the dependence on the risk of malignancy is either absent or not linear. The frequency of microcalcification in thyroid nodules is significantly associated with the risk of their malignancy, but can be detected in benign nodules and in intact parenchyma; for other types of calcifications, the dependence on the risk of malignancy is either absent or not linear. Thus, ultrasound assessment of thyroid nodule calcification using MicroPure technology allows us to stratify their oncologic risk, which can be used in the choice of further patient management tactics.

The article presents the experience of using liver elastometry and shear wave dispersion in patients after transplantation, followed by needle biopsy and morphological examination of the organ tissue. The paper shows that the use of elastometry and shear wave dispersion allows one to fairly accurately judge the state of the liver transplant parenchyma and choose the optimal strategy for treatment and management of the patient without performing an invasive procedure — puncture biopsy of the organ.

The article presents data on the state of the paravertebral muscles studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 26 patients with idiopathic scoliosis with various degrees of spinal deformity. A decrease in muscle area and fatty degeneration, expressed from the concave side, were noted. The area of the paravertebral muscles on the concave side in deformity of 70–90 ° significantly differed from the area of the muscles on the convex side. The average degree of fat infiltration of various muscles along the concave side ranged from 14 to 28 %. The degree of fatty degeneration and hypotrophy of the paravertebral muscles should be taken into account when preparing for surgery, during its performance and when developing a rehabilitation program in the postoperative period.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with high mortality, disability and economic expenses. Despite significant progress in the treatment of AIS using endovascular methods, it is not always possible to obtain good results. In the current literature, a small number of studies are devoted to predicting outcomes in patients with AIS who received various types of treatment.

This prospective cohort study included 460 patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy, thromboextraction, combination of thromboextraction with stenting or thrombolytic therapy.

The relationship between clinical and functional results at the early stages after intervention was assessed with potential predictors, among which the ultrasonic characteristics of extra- and intracranial arteries were analyzed.

Complete or partial reperfusion was obtained in 61,7 % of the examined patients. A higher efficiency of endovascular methods compared to thrombolytic therapy was noted (99,5 % vs 33,5 % respectively). The baseline NIHSS and Rankin scores did not show a high predictive valuey for early outcomes, that caused the necessary for searching instrumental predictors. Patients with significant stenosis of the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery had significantly worse clinical and functional outcomes, including the mRS scale. The proportion of poor early outcomes in patients with significant stenosis was significantly lower in the endovascular treatment groups compared to the thrombolytic therapy group. Multiple regression analysis showed that the outcome of AIS is influenced by the level of cerebral arterial involvement as well as lesion size with a threshold value of more than 2 cm.

The aim of the study was to compare the informative value of standard radiography of the shoulder joint using computer processing software with the capabilities of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) before surgery in the volume of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The radiographs of shoulder joints in standard projections and computed tomograms of 30 patients who were observed with the consequences of shoulder joint injuries before surgery in the volume of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. It is clearly shown that the use of specialized software provides additional information when choosing the size of the shoulder component of the endoprosthesis, allows for virtual restoration of the anatomy of the proximal humerus with severe post-traumatic deformation and limited mobility of the shoulder joint. However, during the program processing of X-ray images of the shoulder joint, no additional information was obtained when evaluating the geometric parameters of the shoulder blade glenoid. The data on the geometric characteristics of the glenoid, established using specialized software, were comparable with the results of image processing carried out in manual mode. Reliable characteristics, most important for preoperative planning of the positioning of the glenoid component of the endoprosthesis, could be obtained only by the results of MSCT.

A clinical case of surgical treatment in patient with tandem ipsilateral lesion of the right internal carotid artery: (95–99 % stenosis at the ostium) and the middle cerebral artery (occlusion) described in the article. Further treatment tactics could be determined with the help of PKT performed on the patient during hospitalization. Changes in the blood supply to the cerebral hemisphere revealed by PKT were of decisive importance in determining the further treatment tactics for this patient. The patient was operated in the range of right side carotid endarterectomy. Control brain tomography perfusion, performed 6 months after surgery, demonstrated the absence of areas with impaired blood flow in the cerebral hemispheres.

Emphysematous parotitis is a casuistically rare disease of the parotid salivary gland. Especially in childhood, a rare clinical observation of idiopathic emphysematous parotitis in an 11-yearold child with a pronounced edema of the right half of the face without signs of intoxication is presented. Massive gas inclusions in the soft tissues of the face and neck were detected by ultrasound, minimal ones – in the anterior mediastinum. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT and MRI. Recovery was on the background of conservative therapy. The publication is illustrated with data of radiologic scans, supplemented with a brief review of the literature.

The article discusses the issues of radiation diagnosis of coronavirus pneumonia COVID-19 in patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis against the background of HIV infection using the example of the clinical case of 50-year-old patient who treated with respiratory complaints and fever, who had pronounced changes in the lungs according to radiological methods. The diagnosis of coronavirus infection, tuberculosis and HIV infection was confirmed morphologically. The course of newly diagnosed TB in a patient with HIV infection was complicated by severe bilateral viral pneumonia. A feature of this case was the atypical localization and unusual manifestation of tuberculous changes on the background of HIV infection according to multispiral computed tomography, as well as a long relapsing course of viral pneumonia, with long-term persistence of the SARS-CоV-2 coronavirus.